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Gurugnanam, B.
- GIS Based Microlevel Approach for Hydrogeochemical Studies in Upper Manimuktha Sub Basin, Vellar, South India
Abstract Views :456 |
PDF Views:112
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, PSNA College of Engg. & Tech., Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, PSNA College of Engg. & Tech., Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 2, No 11 (2009), Pagination: 5-10Abstract
Groundwater chemical quality studies were carried out in upper Manimuktha sub basin, Vellar, South India. Fifty two groundwater samples were collected from dug and bore well during pre and post monsoon seasons of 2006. The samples were analyzed for various water quality parameters such as pH, Electric Conductivity, Total dissolved solids, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Bicarbonate, Carbonate, Sulphate and Chloride. The results were evaluated in detail and compared with WHO water quality standards. An overall assessment of the water samples indicated that the physico and chemical parameters are lies within the permissible limit except in some locations. It is inferred from Piper trilinear diagram that the water is mostly of alkaline earth exceeds alkalies. Gibbs diagram reveals that the overall hydrogeochemical environment of the study area is controlled by the rock water interaction dominance. According to the USSL classification of water quality, it falls under C3 - S1 category. These results were taken in to GIS platform for further processing to understand the spatial variation. Finally, the quality variation is brought out at village level.Keywords
Groundwater, Drinking and Irrigational Quality, GIS, Manimuktha, South IndiaFull Text
References
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- Pandian K and Sankar K (2007) Hydrogeochemistry and groundwater quality in the Vaippar river basin, Tamil Nadu. J. GSI. 69, 970-982.
- Piper AM (1944) A graphical procedure in the chemical interpretation of Groundwater analysis. Trans. Amer. Geophy. Union. 25, 914-923.
- Richards LA (1954) Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils. Agri. Hand Boock 60, U.S. Dept. of. Agriculture, Washington, D.C. pp: 160.
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- Viswanathaiah MN, Sastri JCV and Rame Gowda B (1978) Mechanisms controlling the chemistry of groundwater of Karnataka. Indian Mineralogist. 19, 65-69.
- WHO (1993) Guidelines for drinking– water quality, v.1. Recommendations, Geneva: WHO. pp:1-4.
- High/low Rainfall Domain Mapping Using GIS at Salem District, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract Views :528 |
PDF Views:175
Authors
Affiliations
1 GIT Lab, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608 002,TN, IN
1 GIT Lab, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608 002,TN, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 3, No 5 (2010), Pagination: 542-545Abstract
In the present study, an attempt has been made to understand the rainfall fluctuation with respect to spatial distribution in Salem district of Tamil Nadu through GIS Technique. To achieve the aim, rainfall variations during winter (Jan.&Feb.), summer (Mar. to May), southwest monsoon (Jun. to Sep.) and northeast monsoon (Oct. to Dec.) were analyzed for the period 1998 to 2007. These results were taken into GIS platform to prepare the spatial distribution maps. The spatial distribution maps of Southwest- and Northeast- monsoon season showed that 1775.65 Km2 and 430.48 Km2 of the study area received above 400 mm of rainfall during the respective monsoon seasons. Annual average rainfall spatial distribution map for the years 1998-2007 revealed that 3808 Km2 of the study area falls under less than 200 mm (poor category) of rainfall. It shows the annual average rainfall distribution is very low in the study area. The high rainfall domain occupies only 8.15 and 33.62% of the study area.Keywords
GIS, PWD, Spatial Distribution, Monsoon Season, Rainfall, Tamil NaduFull Text
References
- Hiscock KM, Rivett MO and Davison RM (2002) Sustainable groundwater development. Geological Soc. of London (Ed.), Special publ. pp:193-344.
- Holman IP (2006) Climate change impacts on groundwater recharge–uncertainty, shortcomings and the way forward? Hydrogeol. J. 14, 637-647.
- Sikka DR (1977) Some aspects of the life history, structure and movement of monsoon depression, Pageoph. 115, 1501–1529.
- Villholth KG (2006) Groundwater assessment and management: implications and opportunities of globalization. Hydrogeol. J. 14, 330–339.
- Geographic Information Technologies for Hydrogeomorphological Mapping in Parts of Vellar Basin, Central Tamil Nadu
Abstract Views :226 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 GIT Lab, Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalamagar-608002, IN
2 GIT Lab, Department of Geology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620023, IN
1 GIT Lab, Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalamagar-608002, IN
2 GIT Lab, Department of Geology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620023, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 72, No 4 (2008), Pagination: 471-478Abstract
The study aims at preparing the hydrogeomorphological map with spatial distribution of its elements through Geographic Information Technology ERDAS Imagine and ArcGIS software were used for studying hydrogeomorphological features. The work was done in parts of Vellar Basin, Central Tamil Nadu, India. Thematic maps of Geology, Geomorphology and Lineaments (Satellite data source) were prepared. The hydrogeomorphological map was prepared by integrating these maps one over the other, in GIS. A total of 126 various combinations were arrived in the hydrogeomorphological map presenting spatial distributions of individual elements.Keywords
Geographic Information Technology Platform, Geomorphology, Vellar Basin, Tamil Nadu.
- Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Geochemical Data of Groundwater in Veeranam Catchment Area, Tamil Nadu
Abstract Views :208 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Alagappa Govt. Arts College, Karaikudi – 630 003, IN
2 Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, IN
3 No.572, P.S.P. Street, Soodamani Nagar, Karaikudi – 630 003, IN
4 Department of Geology, Bharathidasan University, Trichy, IN
1 Department of Geology, Alagappa Govt. Arts College, Karaikudi – 630 003, IN
2 Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, IN
3 No.572, P.S.P. Street, Soodamani Nagar, Karaikudi – 630 003, IN
4 Department of Geology, Bharathidasan University, Trichy, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 74, No 5 (2009), Pagination: 573-578Abstract
The study of hydrogeochemistry of the Mio-Pliocene sedimentary rock aquifer system in Veeranam catchment area produced a large geochemical dataset. Groundwater samples were collected at 52 sites over 963.86 km2 area and analyzed for major ions. The large number of data can lead to difficulties in the integration, interpretation and representation of the results. Two multivariate statistical methods, Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and Factor analysis (FA), were applied to a subgroup of the dataset to evaluate their usefulness to classify the groundwater samples, and to identify geochetgmical processes controlling groundwater geochemistry. Hydrochemical data for 52 groundwater samples were subjected to Q- and R- mode factor and cluster analysis. R-mode analysis reveals the inter-relations among the variables studied and the Q-mode analysis reveals the inter-relations among the samples studied. The R-mode factor analysis shows that Ca, Mg and Cl with HCO3 account for most of the electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and total hardness of groundwater. The 'single dominance' nature of the majority of the factors in the R-mode analysis indicates non-mixing or partial mixing of different types of groundwater. Both Q-mode factor and Q-mode cluster analyses indicate an exchange between the river water and the groundwater in the vicinity. The rock water interaction like flood basin back swamp deposits of silty clayey formation is the major cause for the cluster II classification. Cluster classification map reveals that 58% of the study area comes under cluster II classification.Keywords
Groundwater, Multivariate Statistical Analysis, Geochemical Data, Tamil Nadu.References
- ADAR, E.M., ROSENTHAL, E., ISSAR, A.S. and BATELAAN, O. (1992) Quantitative assessment of the flow pattern in the southern Arava Valley (Israel) by environmental tracers and a mixing cell model. Jour. Hydrology, v.136, pp.333-352.
- DANIELSSON, A., CATO, I., CARMAN, R. and RAHM, L. (1999) Spatial clustering of metals in the sediments of the Skagerrak/Kattegat. Applied Geochemistry, v.14, pp.689-706.
- EATON, E.M. (1950) Significance of carbonate in irrigation water. Soil Sci., v.69, pp.123-133.
- GULER, C., THYNE, G.D., MCCRAY, J.E. and TURNER, A.K. (2002) Evaluation of graph ical and multivariate statistical methods for classification of water chemistry data. Hydrogeology Jour., v.10, pp.455-474.
- HELENA, B., PARDO, B., VEGA, M., BARRADO, E., FERNANDEZ, J.M. and FERNANDEZ, L. (2000) Temporal evolution of groundwater composition in an alluvial aquifer (Pisuerga River, Spain) by rincipal component analysis. Water Res., v.34(3), pp.807-816.
- KNUDSON, E.J., DUEWER, D.L., CHRISTIAN, G.D. and LARSON, T.V. (1977) Application of factor analysis to the study of rain chemistry in the Puget Sound region. In: B.R. Kowalski (Ed.), Chemometric: Theory and Application. ACS Symposium Series, Washington, DC, pp.80-116.
- LAMBRAKIS, N., ANTONAKOS, A. and PANAGOPOULOS, G., (2004) The use of multicomponent statistical analysis in hydrogeological environmental research. Water Res., v.38, pp.1862-1872.
- PANAGOPOULOS, G., LAMPRAKIS, N., TSOLIS-KATAGAS, P. and PAPOULIS, D. (2004) Cation exchange processes and human activities in inconfined aquifers. Environ. Geol., v.46, pp.542-552.
- REGHUNATH, R., SREEDHARA, M.T.R. and RAGHAVAN, B.R. (2002) The utility of multivariate statistical techniques in hydrogeochemical studies: an example from Karnataka, India. Water Res., v.36(10), pp.2437-2442.
- RIBEIRO, L. and MACEDO, M.E. (1995) Application of multivariate statistics, trend and cluster analysis to groundwater quality in the Tejo and Sado aquifer. In: Groundwater Quality: Remediation and Protection. Proceedings of the Prague Conference, May 1995. IAHS Publ. No.225, pp.39-47.
- SCHOT, P.P. and VAN DER WAL, J. (1992) Human impact on regional groundwater composition through intervention in natural flow patterns and changes in land use. Jour. Hydrology, v.134, pp.297-313.
- STATSOFT INC. (2004) STATISTICA (Data Analysis Software System), Version 6.
- STEINHORST, R.K. and WILLIAMS, R.E. (1985) Discrimination of groundwater sources using cluster analysis, MANOVA, canonical analysis and discriminant analysis. Water Resources Res., v.21, pp.1149-1156.
- SUK, H. and LEE, K. (1999) Characterization of a ground water hydrochemical system through multivariate analysis: clustering into ground water zones. Ground Water, v.37(3), pp.358-366.
- VENGOSH, A. and KEREN, R. (1996) Chemical modifications of groundwater contaminated by recharge of treated sewage effluent. Contam. Hydrol., v.23, pp.347-360.
- VINCENT CLOUTIER., RENe LEFEBVRE., RENe THERRIEN., MARTINE, M. and SAVARD. (2008) Multivariate statistical analysis of geochemical data as indicative of the hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater in a sedimentary rock aquifer system Jour. Hydrology, v.353, pp.294-313.
- Drinking and Irrigational Feasibility of Groundwater, GIS Spatial Mapping in Upper Thirumanimuthar Sub-Basin, Cauvery River, Tamil Nadu
Abstract Views :217 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, IN
2 CGIT, School of Geosiences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, IN
3 Department of Ocean Sciences and Marine Geology, Pondicherry University, Andaman, IN
4 Department of Geology, National College, Trichy, Tiruchirappalli - 620 001, IN
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, IN
2 CGIT, School of Geosiences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, IN
3 Department of Ocean Sciences and Marine Geology, Pondicherry University, Andaman, IN
4 Department of Geology, National College, Trichy, Tiruchirappalli - 620 001, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 75, No 3 (2010), Pagination: 518-526Abstract
In the present study, the chemical characteristics of groundwater with respect to drinking and Irrigation water quality in upper Thirumanimuthar sub-basin, Cauvery River, have been studied. 51 groundwater samples were collected and analysed for pH, conductance, total dissolved solids, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, carbonate, bicarbonate, total alkalinity, chloride, sodium, potassium, sulphate etc. The values analyzed were evaluated in detail and compared with WHO water quality standards. It is observed that, for most of the groundwater quality parameters, the values are not potable for drinking and irrigational use. To understand the spatial distribution of unsuitable zones, ArcGIS was employed. Attributes were linked and spatial interpolation mapping was done. Inverse distance weighted interpolation technique was followed for raster and vector mapping. Finally the overlay analyses were also carried out to locate the worst quality zone.Keywords
SAR, Sodium Percentage, GIS, Spatial Distribution Map, Overlay Analysis, Cauvery River, Tamil Nadu.- Hydrogeochemical Studies by Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Upper Thirumanimuthar Sub-Basin, Cauvery River, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract Views :184 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Geographic Information Technology Lab, Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Centre for Geographic Information Technologies, Bharathidasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Ocean Studies, Pondicherry University, Andaman, IN
1 Geographic Information Technology Lab, Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Centre for Geographic Information Technologies, Bharathidasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Ocean Studies, Pondicherry University, Andaman, IN
Source
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 8, No 4 (2009), Pagination: 693-700Abstract
In the present paper deals with the study of hydrogeochemistry of groundwater by multivariate statistical techniques such as factor and cluster analyses. The upper Thirumanimuthar sub-basin, Cauvery River, hard rock terrain in Salem District covering an area of about 346.40 km2 has been selected for the study. Fifty one samples were collected during premonsoon season 2007 and analysed for various water quality parameters like pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO3, CO3, SO4, Cl and TH. Hydrogeochemical data of 51 groundwater samples were subjected to Q- and R- mode factor and cluster analysis. R-mode analysis reveals the interrelations among the variables studied and the Q-mode analysis reveals the interrelations among the samples studied. The R-mode factor analysis shows that Na and CI with HCO3 account for most of the electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids of the groundwater. The 'single dominance' nature of the majority of the factors in the R-mode analysis indicates non-mixing or partial mixing of different types of groundwaters. Both Q-mode factor and R-mode cluster analyses show that there is an exchange between the river water and adjacent groundwater. Cluster classification map reveals that 97.79% of the study area comes under cluster I classification.Keywords
Groundwater, Hydrogeochemical Studies, Multivariate Statistical Analysis, Factor Analysis, Cluster Analysis.Full Text
- Irrigation Water Quality Status Studies through GIS in Upper Manimuktha Sub-Basin, Villupuram District, Vellar Basin, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract Views :169 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 GIT Lab, Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 GIT Lab, Centre for Geographic Information Technology, School of Geosciences, Bharathidasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, Saint Joseph College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 GIT Lab, Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 GIT Lab, Centre for Geographic Information Technology, School of Geosciences, Bharathidasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, Saint Joseph College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 8, No 2 (2009), Pagination: 257-260Abstract
An attempt has been made to demarcate sites for groundwater irrigation quality at upper Manimuktha sub basin, Velar basin, Tamil Nadu through GIS technique using ARC/GIS Software. The irrigation quality standard output was taken to GIS platform. The work was executed with the weighted rating analysis in GIS environment. Spatial and non-spatial data were assessed in a quick and efficient way in GIS. The term 'geographic' in GIS refers to the locational attributes which define the spatial positioning of the piece of information on the face of the earth. The advent of digital computers, with high data processing speed and the development of analytical tools in GIS to handle geographically referenced data with ease and flexibility, computer aided GIS has become a reality of late. Using of GIS in hydrogeology is only at its beginning, but there have been successful applications that started to develop. The favourabilty of the irrigational quality was demarcated in GIS. The favourable area occupying in premonsoon was 269 km2 and in the postmonsoon 239 km2.Keywords
Groundwater, Salinity, SAR, Alkali Hazard, Irrigation Water Quality, GIS.Full Text
- Geochemical Studies of Groundwater Present in Upper Thirumanimuthar Sub-Basin, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract Views :170 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608 002, T.N., IN
2 Institute for Ocean Management, Anna University, Chennai, T.N., IN
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608 002, T.N., IN
2 Institute for Ocean Management, Anna University, Chennai, T.N., IN
Source
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 7, No 3 (2008), Pagination: 423-428Abstract
Geochemical analysis of groundwater is employed to evaluate the postmonsoon 2005 water quality of upper Thirumanimuthar subbasin. Thirty two representative groundwater samples were collected from dug and bore wells. The samples were analysed to monitor the water chemistry of major ions. The results were evaluated in detailed and compared with WHO water quality standards. An overall assessment of the water samples indicated that all parameters are within the permissible limit except in some locations. According to the USSL diagram most of the samples falls in C3-S1 class, which indicates its suitable nature. Piper trilinear diagram interpretations were made to know the chemical type of the groundwater. It reveals that the subsurface water is alkaline earth (Ca+Mg) exceeds alkalies (Na+K) type.Keywords
Groundwater, Geochemical Studies, Piper Trilinear Diagram, Kalley’s Ratio, Sodium adsorption ratio, Magnesium Hazards, Sodium Percentage.Full Text